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In-band signaling,- (1) A type of transmission using an alternate current (AC) signal (usually 2,600 Hz) within the normal voice band. (2) An audible signal transmitted end-to-end on a long voice circuit without intermediate signaling equipment; requires that signaling equipment be arranged for “tone on when idle” operation.
Inbound telemarketing – Any incoming sales or service function in an organization. [Inbound telemarketing is found in the following departments: customer service, order entry, reservation sales, technical hotlines or sales support.]

Infrared – Pertaining to the frequency range in the electromagnetic spectrum that is higher than radio frequencies but below the range of visible light.

Initialize – To set counters, switches, addresses or contents of storage to zero or another starting value at the beginning of or at prescribed points in the operation of a computer routine.

Input/output (I/O channel) – 1) A general term for equipment used to communicate with a computer. (2) The process of transmitting information from an external source to the computer, or from the computer to an external source. (3) Buffer area for the temporary storage of data.

Installation Contact - Departmental Staff who will be responsible for the installation and may change the order even if there is a resulting change in price.

Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) – A switched network providing end-to-end digital connectivity for the simultaneous transmission of voice, data, video, imaging and fax over several multiplexed communications channels. Employs high-speed, out-of-band signaling protocols that conform to international standards. [Since signaling and communications are separate, the configuration reduces network blockage and provides faster connectivity for users.]

Interactive – (1) A conversational mode between a user and computer system. (2) Action in more than one direction, either simultaneously or sequentially.

Intercept – To stop a telephone call placed to an improper number and redirect that call to an operator or a recording.

Interconnect – (1) Arrangement that permits the connection of customers telecommunications equipment to a common carrier network. (2) Industry name for manufacturers, excluding AT&T and Bell companies, who provide telephone premises equipment.

Interexchange (IX) – Services or channels furnished between one or more rate centers or local and long distance carriers.

Interexchange carrier (IXC) – A provider of long distance service.

Interexchange plant – The facilities between the originating switching center and another switching center.

Interface – (1) A hardware and software link between two devices. (2) The junction or point of interconnection between two systems of equipment having different characteristics. For example, a computer card that allows users to transmit data using a variety of telecommunications modes.

Interference – (1) Unwanted noise, crosstalk or signal deviations on communications channels that result from natural or man-made occurrences. (2) Anything not properly a part of the signal or call being transmitted.

Interlata – Any connection or call that originates in one LATA and terminates in another.

Intermachine trunk (IMT) – Circuit which connects two automatic switching centers.

Internal line (non-DID line) – A non-direct-inward-dialed line on an electronic phone, commonly called a back-up or trunk hunting line, which parties outside the University cannot dial directly. These numbers are assigned as 2-xxxx (Ann Arbor), 5-xxxx(Dearborn) and 8-xxxx (Flint). Incoming calls are accepted on non-DID lines through a call hunt sequence when the primary number is already in use.

International Organization for Standardization (ISO) – An organization that promotes the development of standards to facilitate the international exchange of goods and services as well as develops mutual cooperation in areas of intellectual, scientific, technological and economic activity.

International Record Carrier (IRC) – Exchange companies that offer telex and teletypewriter interconnect services.

Internet Service Provider (ISP) - An entity that provides attachment to the Internet.

Interoffice trunk (IOT) – A direct link between local exchange offices.

Interrupt - Stop a process in such a way that it can be resumed.

Interstate – (1) Involving two or more states. (2) Any connection made between two states.

IntraLATA – Any connection that originates and terminates within the boundaries of a single LATA.

Intrastate – (1) Activity occuring within one state. (2) Any connection made that originates and terminates within the boundaries of a single state.

Invoice Processing System (IPS) – Sprint’s integrated billing system for all customer bases.

ISDN – The Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) Dial-In Service operates like standard telephone service but is completely digital, allowing you to connect to the U-M campus network (UMnet) and the Internet from off campus at much higher speeds than with a regular analog modem.

IT Communications Engineer – ITD Staff who work with the department through the Network Analyst to design the services required by the customer. May be involved directly with the department on particularly complex installations.

IT Communications Installer - ITD Staff who install services at the department’s site.

IT Communications Services – The ITD Staff who provide voice, video and data services to campus.

ITD Customer Relationship Manager (CRM) – ITD Staff who work with the department to determine what products and services are needed. The department’s first contact within ITD.